The Center for International Human Rights (CIHR) at John Jay College of Criminal Justice, City University of New York was established in 2001 with a mandate to study the main challenges to the promotion and protection of internationally recognized human rights norms; analyze and assess the intersections between human rights violations and international crimes; investigate genocide historically and in the contemporary world; and devise educational programs aimed at increasing public awareness of these norms. JusticeAcademy.org greatly appreciates the College’s willingness to make the proceedings of these discussions available to the public.