An Examination 
          of a New Age Scripture
          By Joel 
          Bjorling 
          In recent years, trance channeling has 
          become chic among seekers of spiritual enlightenment. Popularized by 
          actress Shirley MacLaine's book and TV miniseries, Out on a Limb, and 
          by lectures and seminars by modern-day mediums such as Ramtha and 
          Lazaris, trance channelers have drawn a wide, enthusiastic following.
           
          In addition to lectures, a number of 
          books have been published which were channeled by discarnate 
          intelligences. Such books include The Urantia Book, A Course in 
          Miracles, and The Aquarian Gospel of Jesus the Christ. One of the 
          earliest channeled revelations was entitled Oahspe (pronounced 
          "Oh-ahs-phee"). It was conveyed by automatic writing in which spirit 
          entities guided the hand of the writer. The word "Oahspe" means 
          "earth, sky, spirit."1 It purports to be 
          a revelation that supersedes all previous ones, including the Bible. 
          It states that Jesus actually was the Jewish teacher Joshu, and that 
          many of the writings attributed to Jesus were plagiarized from Joshu. 
          Oahspe is a popular book among New Age and psychic enthusiasts. It 
          first was published in New York in 1882.  
          Oahspe was revealed to Dr. John Ballou 
          Newbrough, a New York dentist. He was born in Wooster, Ohio, on June 
          5, 1828. He went to California during the Gold Rush of 1849, but 
          returned to New York and practiced dentistry.2 
          He became involved in spiritualism and probably had his first psychic 
          experience in the 1850s. He was a trustee of the First Society of 
          Spiritualists of New York City.3 He 
          began experimenting with automatic writing. In a letter to the 
          periodical The Banner of Light (June 2, 1883), he wrote:  
          
            "In my own case I discovered, many 
            years ago, in sitting with circles to obtain spiritual 
            manifestations, that my hands could not be on the table without 
            flying off into these 'tantrums.' Often they would write messages 
            left or right, backward or forward, [and I could not] control them 
            in any other way than by withdrawing them from the table."4
             
           
          Newbrough studied spiritualism for about 
          15 years, but became dissatisfied with it. Rather than receiving 
          messages from departed friends and loved ones, he wanted "to learn 
          something about the spirit world; what the angels did, how they 
          traveled, and the general plan of the universe."5
           
          To enhance his spiritual receptivity, 
          Newbrough became a vegetarian and spent time in meditation. His weight 
          fell from 250 to 180 pounds, his rheumatism was gone and he had no 
          more headaches.6  
          Early one morning in 1870, Newbrough was 
          awakened by a striking vision. His room was flooded with "pillars of 
          soft light" and there were "great numbers of beautiful spirits and 
          angels." One of them asked him, "Do you want to perform a mission for 
          Jehovih?" (Oahspe spells the Divine Name "Jehovih" rather than 
          "Jehovah"). Newbrough was to produce a book, through automatic 
          writing, which would inaugurate a new era of mankind. The new era was 
          called the "Kosmon era." It was the seventh age and was characterized 
          by non-violence. In it, wars would cease voluntarily.7
           
          The angels imposed a beam of light on 
          Newbrough's hands as he sat at a typewriter. The angels appeared an 
          hour before dawn and the typing continued for fifty weeks.8 
          The purpose of Oahspe was:  
          
            "To teach mortals how to attain to hear 
            the Creator's voice and to see the heavens in full consciousness 
            whilst still living on earth; and to know of a truth, the plan and 
            condition awaiting them after death."9
             
           
          The first edition of Oahspe was published 
          in 1882 and a second edition was published in 1892. The 1892 edition 
          contained portraits of great spiritual teachers which were painted by 
          Newbrough while in a trance.10 
           
          Oahspe gives an account of the origin of 
          man on earth. It covers a period of 48,000 years from the creation of 
          man to the submersion of the continent of Pan. Pan was in the Pacific 
          and sank 24,000 years ago. The sinking of Pan is referred to by the 
          ancients as the Deluge or Flood.11 
          Before the sinking of Pan, man was guided by angelic revelation. Man 
          often lapsed "into degradation and bestiality, but [he was] ever in 
          the aggregate [of] making progress toward something more noble."12 
          The survivors of Pan founded such countries as Japan, China, India, 
          Peru, Egypt, Yucatan, and Mexico.13
           
          According to Oahspe, Jehovih is the Great 
          Spirit of the universe. He consists of "earth [corpor], sky, and 
          spirit."14 Jehovih states,  
          
            "I am the soul of all; and the all that 
            is seen in My person and My body. By virtue of My presence, all 
            things are. By virtue of my presence is life."15
             
           
          Oahspe states that:  
          
            "Jehovih is Life, Motion, 
            Individuality, Person. In proof of which He gave unto thee life, 
            motion, individuality, person. To develop these four entities is 
            resurrection toward Him, more and more, which is heavenly."16
             
           
          As Jehovih is the Great Spirit, the word 
          "God," and "Lord" refers to angelic beings. A "God" is one who "is 
          sufficiently wise and powerful to take charge of a planet and the 
          atmospheric heaven." He is assisted on the throne by a "Vice-God."
           
          Angels work intimately with humanity. 
          Oahspe states that:  
          
            "Man was helpless [and] understood not 
            the voice of the Almighty, neither stood he upright. And Jehovih 
            called His angels ... and He said unto them: 'Go ye, raise man 
            upright and teach him to understand.'"17
             
           
          The angelic ministry among humanity was 
          disrupted by the appearance of a Beast. The words of the Beast are 
          those of Jesus in Matthew 10:34-36: "Think not I am come to send peace 
          on the earth; I come not to send peace, but a sword; I come to set man 
          at variance against his father; and a daughter against her mother."18 
          The Beast divided itself into four Heads "and possessed the earth 
          about, and man fell down and worshipped them."19 
          The names of the Heads were Brahmin, Buddhist, Christian, and 
          Mohammedan. Each Head had its own army and their "trade was killing 
          man."20  
          To end the violence and confusion which 
          was perpetrated by the Beast, Jehovih sent His angels to earth. He 
          proclaimed that:  
          
            "The four Heads of the Beast shall be 
            put down; and war shall be no more on the earth. Thy armies shall be 
            disbanded. And, from this time forth, whosoever desireth not to war, 
            thou shalt not impress; for it is the commandment of thy Creator.
             
           
          Neither shalt thou have any God, nor 
          Lord, nor Saviour, but only thy Creator, Jehovih! Him only shalt thou 
          worship henceforth forevermore."21
           
          Jehovih concluded that:  
          
            "To as many as separate themselves from 
            the domain of the Beast, making their covenant with Me, have I given 
            the foundation of My kingdom on earth."22
             
           
          According to Oahspe, Jesus was the Jewish 
          teacher Joshu. He was born in Jerusalem and he "labored to bring the 
          Jews back to their pristine purity." Oahspe states that he was "a 
          law-giver of sub-cycle ranks."23 He was 
          denounced as a heretic and was stoned to death at Jerusalem.24 
          Oahspe states that the word "Christ" and "Kriste" means "wisdom, 
          knowledge, [and] education," and it is also synonymous with a 
          "warrior."25 It states that Christians, 
          or Kriste, were a brotherhood of warriors. They were given that name 
          by the Hebrews and it meant "one who rushes into a multitude of 
          rioters and, with a sword, enforces peace ..."  
          The word "Christian" is synonymous with 
          words as "Brahmin," "ashtaroth," "vishnu," and "manito."26
           
          Oahspe states that Christians worship a "drujan," 
          a lower, mischievous God. In the Book of Es, Oahspe states that when 
          Christians go to heaven and say, "I want to go to Jesus, I want to go 
          to Kriste, he [is] shown the drujan God, and [is] told: 'That is he!'"27 
          The "drujans" were lost spirits who, instead of following Jehovih's 
          Plan, were enticed by earthly attractions.28 
          The drujan Gods also inspired the Mormon, Shaker, and Swedenborgian 
          religions, as well as the divisive competition among Christian 
          churches.29  
          Salvation, according to Oahspe, is based 
          upon giving. It states, "If ye have great learning and ye give of it, 
          then shall more learning be added unto you; if ye have goodness of 
          heart, and gentle words, then, by giving this away, more shall be 
          added unto you."30 However, "he who 
          locketh up the light of the Father that is in him cannot obtain more 
          light; he who locketh up goodness of heart cannot obtain strength of 
          spirit."31 Oahspe states that one should 
          not concern himself with his own salvation, but with the salvation of 
          others. Jehovih declares that:  
          
            "Mine shall not concern themselves as 
            to their own self's salvation; for having their faith in Jehovih, 
            that if they raise others up, with their own wisdom and strength, 
            they are already saved, and without fear."32
             
           
          Oahspe demands of the clergy and the 
          churches that they "prove that [they] have a good and sufficient 
          doctrine for the salvation of souls." It accuses them of serving man 
          more than Jehovih. It admonishes churches to divide up their 
          possessions and give to the poor.33 It 
          charges churches with professing a gospel of words and of divisive 
          doctrines.34 Salvation, according to 
          Oahspe, is through good works:  
          
            "Because ye have learned words, and 
            practice only in words, behold, I come in this day to command 
            practice in works... Even the infidel shall accept the Creator and 
            good works."39  
           
          Oahspe teaches that life continues to 
          progress in the spirit realm. It affirms the practice of "communing 
          with angels," and conversing with the "dead."  
          
            "From east to west, and north to south, 
            the communion of angels and a multitude of miracles have stirred up 
            thousands and millions to know that the souls of the dead do live."36
             
           
          Oahspe declares, "Behold, I have seen my 
          father and mother and brother and sister who were dead; they have 
          spoken to me, [and] there is no devil nor place of hell."37 
          Oahspe states that:  
          
            "It hath been shown thee that not only 
            the seer, prophet, su'is (i.e., clairvoyant), and miracle worker, 
            but that all people are subject to the influence of the spirits of 
            the dead, even though unconsciously to themselves."38
             
           
          Oahspe claims that the reality of spirits 
          testifies to the iniquities of earthly religions.  
          
            "I have drawn aside the veil of death, 
            [and] your sons and daughters, your fathers and mothers, the dead 
            and the living, stand face to face. And the angels are testifying 
            unto you that your doctrines, as you practice them, are a blasphemy 
            against the Almighty."39  
           
          The spirits reveal the truth of heavenly 
          existence. Oahspe contends that:  
          
            "Ye have no personal knowledge of 
            heaven, and, in stubbornness of heart, ye dispute with my seers and 
            prophets, who can prove before you [that] they have powers to see 
            unseen things, and to hear that which ye cannot hear. Ye study 
            spiritual things with your corporal [physical] senses; neither have 
            ye capacity to see and hear the spirits of the dead. How much less, 
            then, shall ye presume to interpret Jehovih and His kingdom.40
             
           
          Oahspe charges the Christian faith with 
          professing doctrines, rather than beneficial works, and of denying the 
          reality of spirit existence. It characterizes churches as being 
          benefactors of wealth. It declares, further, that "the selfishness of 
          man hath made the world a place of wretchedness. The people are in 
          misery and want."41  
          The "new religion" proposed by Oahspe not 
          only encouraged spirit communication, but also social reform. This 
          reform was implemented in an Oahspe-based community called "Shalam," 
          located near the Rio Grande in New Mexico.  
          Newbrough and his followers began an 
          orphanage in New York City. Oahspe envisioned a "new kingdom of man" 
          and a prophet named Tae was given the responsibility of establishing 
          this kingdom. Jehovih commanded Tae to:  
          
            "Go, seek, and bring out of Uz (i.e., 
            the world) babes and castaway infants and foundlings, and these 
            shall be thy colony, which shall be a new kingdom on earth."42
             
           
          The word "Shalam" meant "a land of peace 
          and plenty."43 It began in 1884 and was 
          incorporated in December 1885.  
          At Shalam, no one was to rule over 
          another. However, dissension began after Newbrough and his associate 
          Andrew Howland tried to impose autocratic control over the members. 
          Several were evicted and many others left voluntarily. Newbrough died 
          at Shalam on Aug. 22, 1891. The community continued to decline and the 
          property was sold Sept. 30, 1907. Several communities were begun, but 
          none survived.  
          Currently, the major Oahspe organization 
          is the Universal Faithists of Kosmon in Salt Lake City. "Faithist" is 
          the name for Oahspe students. A Global Council, also based in Salt 
          Lake City, was organized in 1982-1983 and it elected its first 
          officers in 1986. The Council is a consortium of Oahspe readers.
           
          Oahspe sharply criticizes the Christian 
          faith. Its claims about the life of Jesus, the Bible, and the 
          historical Christian faith likely cannot stand the scrutiny of 
          critical Biblical or historical analysis. Like any other channeled 
          work, its content is of questionable origin. Some may conclude that it 
          is the product of demon spirits, and others will presume that it is 
          the result of the author's subconscious mind.  
          Historically, Oahspe is probably the 
          first channeled revelation. Apart from other channeled writings, it 
          puts itself on the level of the Bible, purporting to be a work which 
          is even greater than the Judeo-Christian scriptures. Channeled works 
          often claim that the New Testament has distorted Jesus' actual 
          teachings, or that it does not contain his real teachings. Claims of 
          this sort must be evaluated according to the soundest Biblical, 
          theological, and historical evidence. Regardless of what Oahspe or any 
          similar writing may boast about its own authenticity, its claims must 
          coincide with the most accurate Biblical and historical sources 
          available.  
          Readers of Oahspe are likely persons who 
          have had negative experiences with churches and with Christianity. In 
          talking to them, listen carefully and do not judge. A personal witness 
          of love is the greatest testimony.  
          Oahspe makes no claims of infallibility. 
          It does not profess to be a final revelation. Its stated purpose is to 
          enable mortals "to hear the Creator's voice." Multitudes of people are 
          earnestly striving to hear the voice of the Lord. As we are able to 
          share our experience with God in a loving, compassionate, and patient 
          way, the light of God's truth will surely shine forth and give 
          direction to wandering souls.  
          Endnotes
          
            - Oahspe, 
            Book of Oahspe, 1:26. 
 
            - Gustav 
            Percival (Percy) Wiksell, "Oahspe and Shalam, New Mexico, 
            Information," in Oahspe and Shalam History Materials by Jim Dennon; 
            Seaside, Ore., by author, 1987, pg. 1. 
 
            - Jim Dennon, 
            Oahspe and Shalam History: According to Those Who Were There, 
            Seaside, Ore., by author, 1985, pg. 6. 
 
            - "The 
            Origin of 'Oahspe,'" letter written by John Ballou Newbrough to the 
            editor of The Banner of Light, Boston, Mass., January 21, 1883, pg. 
            2. 
 
            - Ibid., pg. 
            3. 
 
            - Ibid.
            
 
            - Letter to 
            author from E.J. Lee, Universal Faithists of Kosmon, to author, 
            November 25, 1987. 
 
            - "Origin of 
            'Oahspe,'" op. cit., pg. 3. 
 
            - Oahspe, 
            Book of Oahspe, 1:24. 
 
            - "Origin 
            of 'Oahspe,'" op. cit., pg. 4. 
 
            - Oahspe: 
            The Wonder Book of the Age, Salt Lake City: Universal Faithists of 
            Kosmon, n.d., pg. 1. 
 
            - Oahspe: 
            The World's Teacher, Salt Lake City: Universal Faithists of Kosmon, 
            n.d., pg. 6. 
 
            - Ibid., 
            pg. 1. 
 
            - Oahspe, 
            Definitions, New York and London: Oahspe Publishing Association, 
            1882, 1892, pg. vi. 
 
            - Oahspe, 
            Book of Jehovih, 1:3-4. 
 
            - Oahspe, 
            God's Book of Eskra, 4:9-10. 
 
            - Oahspe, 
            Book of Oahspe, 1:2. 
 
            - Ibid., 
            1:9. 
 
            - Ibid., 
            1:11. 
 
            - Ibid., 
            1:13. 
 
            - Ibid., 
            1:17-18. 
 
            - Ibid., 
            1:17. 
 
            - Oahspe, 
            List of Portraits, New York and London: Oahspe Publishing 
            Association, 1882, 1892, pg. xiv. 
 
            - Ibid.
            
 
            - Oahspe, 
            Definitions, op. cit., pg. xv. 
 
            - Ibid., 
            pg. v. 
 
            - Oahspe, 
            Book of Es, 18:6. 
 
            - Oahspe, 
            Book of Sesthantes, 23:14. 
 
            - Oahspe, 
            Book of Es, 18:6-14. 
 
            - Oahspe, 
            Book of Osiris, 6:13. 
 
            - Ibid., 
            6:14. 
 
            - Oahspe, 
            Book of Discipline, 7:20. 
 
            - Oahspe, 
            Book of Judgment, 18:5-7. 
 
            - Ibid., 
            18:12. 
 
            - Ibid., 
            18:21. 
 
            - Oahspe, 
            Book of Discipline, 2:2. 
 
            - Ibid., 
            2:4. 
 
            - Ibid., 
            2:10. 
 
            - Oahspe, 
            Book of Judgment, 19:15. 
 
            - Ibid., 
            19:19-20. 
 
            - Ibid., 
            19:12. 
 
            - Oahspe, 
            Book of Jehovih's Kingdom on Earth, 1:9-10. 
 
            - Ibid., 4:3. 
            
 
           
          Copyright 1991-PFO. All rights reserved 
          by Personal Freedom Outreach. 
           
          
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