DD(1) manual page

Table of Contents

## Name

dd - convert and copy a file

## Synopsis

dd [OPTION]...

## Description

Copy a file, converting and formatting according to the options.

bs=BYTES
  force ibs=BYTES and obs=BYTES
cbs=BYTES
  convert BYTES bytes at a time
conv=KEYWORDS
  convert the file as per the comma separated keyword list
count=BLOCKS
  copy only BLOCKS input blocks
ibs=BYTES
  read BYTES bytes at a time
if=FILE
  read from FILE instead of stdin
obs=BYTES
  write BYTES bytes at a time
of=FILE
  write to FILE instead of stdout
seek=BLOCKS
  skip BLOCKS obs-sized blocks at start of output
skip=BLOCKS
  skip BLOCKS ibs-sized blocks at start of input
--help
  display this help and exit
--version
  output version information and exit

BYTES may be followed by the following multiplicative suffixes: xM M, c 1, w 2, b 512, kD 1000, k 1024, MD 1,000,000, M 1,048,576, GD 1,000,000,000, G 1,073,741,824, and so on for T, P, E, Z, Y. Each KEYWORD may be:

ascii
  from EBCDIC to ASCII
ebcdic
  from ASCII to EBCDIC
ibm
  from ASCII to alternated EBCDIC
block
  pad newline-terminated records with spaces to cbs-size
unblock
  replace trailing spaces in cbs-size records with newline
lcase
  change upper case to lower case
notrunc
  do not truncate the output file
ucase
  change lower case to upper case
swab
  swap every pair of input bytes
noerror
  continue after read errors
sync
  pad every input block with NULs to ibs-size

## Reporting Bugs

Report bugs to <bug-fileutils@gnu.org>.

## See Also

The full documentation for dd is maintained as a Texinfo manual. If the info and dd programs are properly installed at your site, the command

info dd

should give you access to the complete manual.

Table of Contents

- Name
- Synopsis
- Description
- Reporting Bugs
- See Also