5 June 1997 Source: ftp://ftp.fedworld.gov/pub/ntis/3he60311.txt --------------------------------------------------------------------- (1 out of 17) ------------------------------------------------------------ -The New Political Terrorism - Chemical and Biological Warfare (Extensive research collection and resources available through NTIS.) Order number: PB96-000000NIN, price code: To order, call NTIS at (703) 487-4650. Summary: Some of the latest weapons of political and military destruction have been with us for centuries--highly infectious pathogens, such as anthrax, bubonic plague and botulism toxins. Current accessibility of these substances and the development of the newer chemical neurotoxins, such as soman, sarin and atropine, have made governments around the world take a serious look at laws regulating control and possession of these substances. In the U.S., recent terrorist incidents, such as the World Trade Center and Oklahoma City bombings and the Tokyo subway attack, as well as the Gulf War with Iraq's Saddam Hussein, have brought home to us the fact that we are no longer immune to acts of political terrorism. The NTIS database has information on chemical and biological warfare agents, and related government research, detoxification and decontamination studies, and development of immunizing agents and drug therapies. Medical researchers, scientists and environmentalists at the federal, state, and local levels, and private sector groups as well as members of the public will be interested in the profiles. Some items available include: ------------------------------------------------------------ (2 out of 17) ------------------------------------------------------------ Bubonic Plague - Incidence, Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment. (Latest citations from the Life Sciences Collection Database). NERAC, Inc., Tolland, CT.; National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA. Feb 94. 250 citations* Order number: PB94-867496NIN, price code: PC N01/MF N01 To order, call NTIS at (703) 487-4650. Updated with each order. Prepared in cooperation with Cambridge Scientific Abstracts, Washington, DC. Sponsored in part by National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA. Summary: The bibliography contains citations concerning the microorganism responsible for bubonic plague, yersinia pestis, and the disease expression in both humans and animals. Articles include the physiological effects of the organism in human and animal studies and case reports, historical accounts of disease outbreaks, progress in prevention and vaccination, animal and insect vectors of the disease, diagnosis, and treatment. Clinical and laboratory studies of the disease organisms, and mutated forms of yersenia pestis are also included. Other vector-borne diseases such as Lyme disease, and tick and mosquito-borne infections are referenced in related bibliographies. (Contains 250 citations and includes a subject term index and title list.) ------------------------------------------------------------ (3 out of 17) ------------------------------------------------------------ Chemical and Biological Warfare - Biology, Chemistry, and Toxicology. (Latest citations from the NTIS Bibliographic Database). NERAC, Inc., Tolland, CT.; National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA. Oct 95. P* Order number: PB96-852397NIN, price code: PC N01/MF N01 To order, call NTIS at (703) 487-4650. Updated with each order. Sponsored in part by National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA. Summary: The bibliography contains citations concerning the physiological effects, physicochemical effects, and toxicology of chemical and biological warfare agents. Citations discuss toxic chemicals, chemical agent simulants, detoxification and decontamination, environmental toxicity, and land pollution. Detection techniques and warning systems are examined in a separate bibliography. (Contains 50-250 citations and includes a subject term index and title list.) (Copyright NERAC, Inc. 1995) ------------------------------------------------------------ (4 out of 17) ------------------------------------------------------------ Chemical and Biological Warfare - Biochemistry, Therapy, and Treatment. (Latest citations from the NTIS Bibliographic Database). NERAC, Inc., Tolland, CT.; National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA. Oct 95. P* Order number: PB96-851597NIN, price code: PC N01/MF N01 To order, call NTIS at (703) 487-4650. Updated with each order. Sponsored in part by National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA. Summary: The bibliography contains citations concerning biochemistry, therapy, and treatment of the effects of military chemical and biological warfare agents. References include surveys and studies of immunizing agents and drugs, the efficacy of these drugs, and the effect of the drugs on the patient. Also included are biochemical studies, assay techniques, and antidote development, some of which is supported by animal studies. Citations concerning detection and warning, defoliants, protection, biology and toxicology, and general studies are covered in separate bibliographies.(Contains 50-250 citations and includes a subject term index and title list.) (Copyright NERAC, Inc. 1995) ------------------------------------------------------------ (5 out of 17) ------------------------------------------------------------ Chemical and Biological Warfare - General Studies. (Latest citations from the NTIS Bibliographic Database). NERAC, Inc., Tolland, CT.; National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA. Sep 95. P* Order number: PB96-850284NIN, price code: PC N01/MF N01 To order, call NTIS at (703) 487-4650. Updated with each order. Sponsored in part by National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA. Summary: The bibliography contains citations concerning federally sponsored and conducted studies into chemical and biological warfare operations and planning. These studies cover areas not addressed in other parts of this series. The topics include production and storage of agents, delivery techniques, training, military and civil defense, general planning studies, psychological reactions to chemical warfare, evaluations of materials exposed to chemical agents, and studies on banning or limiting chemical warfare. Other published searches in this series on chemical warfare cover detection and warning, defoliants, protection, and biological studies, including chemistry and toxicology.(Contains 50-250 citations and includes a subject term index and title list.) (Copyright NERAC, Inc. 1995) ------------------------------------------------------------ (6 out of 17) ------------------------------------------------------------ Chemical and Biological Warfare - Protection, Decontamination, and Disposal. (Latest citations from the NTIS Bibliographic Database). NERAC, Inc., Tolland, CT.; National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA. Sep 95. P* Order number: PB96-850094NIN, price code: PC N01/MF N01 To order, call NTIS at (703) 487-4650. Updated with each order. Sponsored in part by National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA. Summary: The bibliography contains citations concerning the means to defend against chemical and biological agents used in military operations, and to eliminate the effects of such agents on personnel, equipment, and grounds. Protection is accomplished through protective clothing and masks, and in buildings and shelters through filtration. Elimination of effects includes decontamination and removal of the agents from clothing, equipment, buildings, grounds, and water, using chemical deactivation, incineration, and controlled disposal of material in injection wells and ocean dumping. Other Published Searches in this series cover chemical warfare detection; defoliants; general studies; biochemistry and therapy; and biology, chemistry, and toxicology associated with chemical warfare agents.(Contains 50-250 citations and includes a subject term index and title list.) (Copyright NERAC, Inc. 1995) ------------------------------------------------------------ (7 out of 17) ------------------------------------------------------------ Development of Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISAS) to Anthrax for the Persian Gulf. Defence Research Establishment Suffield, Ralston (Alberta). Jul 95. 38p Order number: AD-A297 350/1NIN, price code: PC A03/MF A01. Report no.: DRES-SR-623 To order, call the NTIS subscription desk at (703) 487-4630. Nagata, L. P.; Schmalty, F. L.; Balogh, C.; Bhatti, A. R.; Cherwonogrodzky, J. W. Summary: This report details the research that went into the bacterial component of the enzyme-based immunoassays developed for the Mobile Agent Identification Unit (MAGIDU), and were deployed during Operation Friction in the Persian Gulf in 1991. A rapid whole cell enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was quickly developed for the identification of selected bacterial agents. The early research concentrated on the identification of Bacillus anthracis whole cells, and the resulting assays were fielded in the Persian Gulf. Anthrax could be reliably detected in 5.5 hrs at concentrations as low as 4.6 x i05 cells/niL (2 Lg/rnL). An assay with shortened incubation times was later developed (assay run time of 3.0 - 3.5 hr) with a sensitivity of detection of 1.2 x 106 cells/mL (5 g/rnL). Technical details in the development of these assays are discussed, as well as recommendations for future work. ------------------------------------------------------------ (8 out of 17) ------------------------------------------------------------ Effect of Antiviral Agents on Ricin Toxicity - Protection by Zidovudine. (Reannouncement with New Availability Information). Army Medical Research Inst. of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD. 1992. 4p Order number: AD-A254 211/6NIN, price code: PC A01/MF A01 To order, call NTIS at (703) 487-4650. Mereish, K.A.; Fajer, A.B. Pub. in Medical Science Research, v20 p317-318, 1992. Summary: Ricin is a toxic protein obtained from the seeds of Ricinus communis. The ricin molecule (MW 60,000) is composed of two protein chains, A and B, which are linked by a disulphide bond 1. The B-chain binds to a galactose residue on the cell surface, thus facilitating transport of the A-chain into the cytoplasm (1). Ricin exhibits N-glycosidase activity, which removes an adenine base from the 28S rRNA, resulting in inhibition of protein elongation (2). Ricin A-chain has a homology at the domain level to RNase H from Escherichia coli and two regions of the pol gene product of retroviral reverse transcriptases (3). Several residues conserved among the ribosome inhibitors, E. coli RNase H, and retroviral integrase proteins, occupy a prominent cleft in the ribosome inhibitor ricin, suggesting a role in binding or catalysis 3. Ricin has an antitumour effect on Ehrlich ascites tumour cells in mice (4), and it has been tested for its effects on different human tumours 5. We have investigated the possibility that antiviral agents may reduce the effects of ricin. ------------------------------------------------------------ (9 out of 17) ------------------------------------------------------------ Effects of Ricin on the Heart and Coronary Arteries. (Final rept.) Oklahoma Univ. Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City. Coll. of Medicine. 1 Feb 95. 189p Order number: AD-A297 059/8NIN, price code: PC A09/MF A02 To order, call the NTIS subscription desk at (703) 487-4630. Robinson, C. P. Summary: Effects of ricin on rabbit heart, coronary arteries, and distribution of blood flow to various organs and tissues were investigated. Ricin increased cardiac output, and blood flow to most organs/tissues. Ricin was given 0.22 micrograms/kg and 48 hours later changes were determined. Ricin decreased sensitivities of coronary arteries to 5-HT- and histamine contractions, increased sensitivity to NE relaxations, increased maximal contractions, but did not alter ACh-induced relaxations. Ricin increased basal IP3 levels, but histamine stimulated IP3 levels and basal hydrolysis rates from IP2 to IP1 were depressed. In myocardium, ricin depressed cAMP and cGMP accumulation but not phosphoinositide hydrolysis. Heart rate, bipolar electrocardiograms, action potentials and beta adrenergic receptor number or affinity were not altered. Ricin reduced left ventricular compliance and decreased left ventricular developed pressure per balloon volume. ------------------------------------------------------------ (10 out of 17) ------------------------------------------------------------ Efficacy of Prophylactic and Therapeutic Administration of Antitoxin for Inhalation Botulism. (Reannouncement with New Availability Information). Army Medical Research Inst. of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD. 1993. 4p Order number: AD-A269 617/7NIN, price code: PC A01/MF A01 To order, call NTIS at (703) 487-4650. Franz, D. R.; Pitt, L. M.; Clayton, M. A.; Hanes, M. A.; Rose, K. J. Pub. in Botulinum and Tetanus Neurotoxins, p473-476, 1993. Summary: Botulism is caused by intoxication with one or more of the seven neurotoxins produced by Clostridium botulinum. Food poisoning is the most common cause of botulism. Accidental inhalation exposure, however, has been reported in the laboratory, and inhalation is the likely route of exposure after the toxin's use as a terrorist weapon or warfare agent. Toxoids are available for immunization, but there are presently no known drugs that can be used to prevent or treat botulinum intoxication. A pentavalent human, hyperimmune globulin product and a heptavalent, equine F (ab') 2 (despeciated) antitoxin (unpublished data, G.E. Lewis, Jr. and R.M. Condie) were evaluated in a preliminary study as prophylaxis or therapy for inhalation botulism (serotype A) in rhesus monkeys. ------------------------------------------------------------ (11 out of 17) ------------------------------------------------------------ Postexposure Prophylaxis against Experimental Inhalation Anthrax. (Reannouncement with New Availability Information). Army Medical Research Inst. of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD. May 93. 5p Order number: AD-A269 707/6NIN, price code: PC A01/MF A01 To order, call NTIS at (703) 487-4650. Friedlander, A. M.; Welkos, S. L.; Pitt, M. L.; Ezzell, J. W.; Worsham, P. L. Pub. in Jnl. of Infectious Diseases, v67 p1239-1242, May 93. Summary: Inhalation anthrax is a rare disease that is almost invariably fatal. This study determined whether a prolonged course of postexposure antibiotics with or without vaccination would protect monkeys exposed to a lethal aerosol dose of Bacillus anthracis when the antibiotic was discontinued. Beginning 1 day after exposure, groups of 10 animals were given penicillin, ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, doxycycline plus vaccination, vaccination alone. or saline. Antibiotics were administered for 30 days and then discontinued. Vaccine was given on days 1 and 15. Two animals died of causes other than anthrax and were not included in the statistical analysis. Nine of 10 controls and 8 of 10 animals given only vaccine died. Each antibiotic regimen completely protected animals while on therapy and provided significant long-term protection upon discontinuance of the drug (penicillin, 7 of 10 survived, P < .02; ciprofloxacin. 8 of 9 survived. P < .002; doxycycline, 9 of 10 survived, P < .002; doxycycline plus vaccination, 9 of 9 survived, P < .0002). Protection against rechallenge was provided by combining postexposure antibiotic treatment with vaccination. ------------------------------------------------------------ (12 out of 17) ------------------------------------------------------------ Proceedings of the International Symposium on Protection against Chemical and Biological Warfare Agents (5th). Held in Stockholm, Sweden on June 11-16, 1995. Foersvarets Forskningsanstalt, Umea (Sweden). Huvudavdelning foer ABC-Skydd. Jun 95. 403p Order number: PB96-126412NIN, price code: PC A18/MF A04. Report no.: FOA-R-95-00122-4.9-SE To order, call NTIS at (703) 487-4650. Summary: The report contains the proceedings from the Fifth International Symposium on Protection Against Chemical and Biological Warfare Agents, which took place in Stockholm, Sweden, June 11-16, 1995. The papers were presented during sessions entitled Keynote Address, Detection, Decontamination and Destruction, Body Protection, Filters and Filtration, Respiratory Protection, Medical Protection, Verification, Threat Analysis and Miscellaneous. ------------------------------------------------------------ (13 out of 17) ------------------------------------------------------------ Protection Against Soman and Sarin Exposure by Transdermal Physostigmine and Scopolamine. Army Medical Research Inst. of Chemical Defense, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD. 13 May 93. 9p Order number: AD-P008 836/9NIN, price code: PC A02/MF A01 To order, call NTIS at (703) 487-4650. Meshulam, Y.; Davidovici, R.; Levy, A. This article is from 'Proceedings of the Medical Defense Bioscience Review (1993) Held in Baltimore, Maryland on 10-13 May 1993. Volume 2', AD-A275 668, p811-819. Summary: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prophylactic efficacy of physostigmine (physo), administered via sustained release (SR) methods, with and without scopolamine, against soman and sarin exposure in guinea-pigs. Transdermal physo pad (3 sq cm/kg; 60-80 ug/sq cm), containing a vehicle based on propionic acid, was applied onto the dorsal back of the animals, 24 hours before exposure to the cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitors. At the time of exposure, physo concentrations in brain and plasma were 3.6 ng/g and 4.1 ng/ml respectively. Brain and whole blood ChE activity were inhibited to 70% and 57% of their original activity. Transdermal physo by itself protected up to 70% of the animals exposed to 1.5 LD(50) of soman or sarin (100% mortality was recorded in the control group). Combining transdermal physo with Scopoderm (by Ciba Geigy Inc.) provided full protection against 1.5 LD(50). ------------------------------------------------------------ (14 out of 17) ------------------------------------------------------------ Ricin - Inhibitor Design. (Annual rept. 15 Apr 94-14 Apr 95.) Albert Einstein Coll. of Medicine, Bronx, NY. 14 May 95. 19p Order number: AD-A299 338/4NIN, price code: PC A03/MF A01. Report no.: VLS-3082 To order, call the NTIS subscription desk at (703) 487-4630. Schramm, V. L. Summary: Substrates for ricin A-chain include short RNA stem-loop structures which have been synthesized with radioactive labels for ease of catalytic assay and for kinetic isotope effects. Ricin A-chain from several sources is incapable of completing multiple catalytic cycles using these substrates. A family of ricin substrate analogue molecules have been synthesized and tested which are specific for transition states with oxycarbonium character or for enzymatic mechanisms involving protonation of the adenine leaving group. Formycin analogues were incorporated into RNA oligomeric structures and tested for binding to ricin A-chain or as inhibitors of the ricin-inactivation of in vitro translation using rabbit reticulocyte lysates. Ribo-oxycarbonium ion analogues containing iminoribitol analogues of ribose were synthetically incorporated into RNA oligomeric structures. Neither formycin nor ribo-oxycarbonium analogues, either singly or in RNA oligomers caused significant inhibition of ricin A-chain when assayed in reticulocyte lysate translation assays. The results indicate a novel transition state mechanism for ricin A-chain, or a requirement for additional features of 28s rRNA to bind transition state analogues. ------------------------------------------------------------ (15 out of 17) ------------------------------------------------------------ Topical Bibliography of Published Works Regarding the Health of Veterans of the Persian Gulf War. (Rept. for May 94-Aug 95.) Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA. Aug 95. 77p Order number: AD-A299 134/7NIN, price code: PC A05/MF A01. Report no.: NHRC-TD-95-3C To order, call the NTIS subscription desk at (703) 487-4630. Cornellson, C. M.; Gray, G. C. Summary: We have constructed a topical bibliography for the benefit of researchers conducting studies among Persian Gulf War veterans. The document was framed around a bibliography of the Persian Gulf War and associated topics that was prepared by Jacqueline Van de Kamp, M.L.S., Specialized Information Services, National Library of Medicine, and John H. Ferguson, M.D., Office of Medical Applications of Research, National Institutes of Health. Their document was generated in April of 1994 and contained 594 citations. Our document contains 1,751 references, organized alphabetically by first authors' last name, into the following categories: Anthrax, Cancer, Chemical Warfare, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, Fibromyalgia, Gastrointestinal Disease, Insecticides, Leishmaniasis, Multiple Chemical Sensitivity, Other Infectious Disease, Other Psychiatric Disease, Other Toxins and their Treatment, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Pyridostigmine, Q Fever, Reproductive Disease, Respiratory Disease, Smoke Effects, and War and Disease. ------------------------------------------------------------ (16 out of 17) ------------------------------------------------------------ Toxicokinetics of Inhaled Soman and Sarin in Guinea Pigs. (Final rept. 31 Jul 90-31 May 93.) Prins Maurits Lab. TNO, Rijswijk (Netherlands). 30 Jun 93. 173p Order number: AD-A277 585/6NIN, price code: PC A08/MF A02. Report no.: PML-1993 To order, call NTIS at (703) 487-4650. Benschop, H. P.; Helden, H. P. V.; Langenberg, J. P. Summary: The inhalation toxicokinetics of C(+/-)P(+/-)-soman and (+/-)-sarin were studied in anesthetized, atropinized guinea pigs. An apparatus was constructed for continuous generation' of nerve agent vapor in air and nose-only exposure. During exposure the respiratory minute volume (RMV) and respiratory frequency (RF) were monitored. Blood samples were taken for gas chromatographic analysis of the concentrations of nerve agent stereoisomers, and to measure the progressive inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). The animals were exposed for 4-8 min to 0.4 or 0.8 LCt50 of C(+/-)P(+/-)-soman or (+/-)-sarin. The toxicokinetics of intravenous bolus administration of doses corresponding with 0.8 LD50 were studied as references for the inhalation experiments. Concentrations of the P(-)-isomers increased rapidly during exposure, up to several ng/ml blood. The absorption phase of C(+)P(-)-soman lagged behind that of the C(-)P(-)-isomer. The measured progression of AChE inhibition was approximately in accordance with the observed blood levels of C(+/-)P(+/-)-soman. The results obtained of the various inhalation experiments with C(+/-)P(+/-)-soman indicated nonlinearity of the toxicokinetics, both with dose and with Soman, Soman stereoisomers, Sarin, Sarin stereoisomers Toxicokinetics, Guinea pig, Analysis, Blood, Two-dimensional gas chromatography, Thermodesorption/cold-trap injection, exposure time. Upon 8-min exposure to concentrations of (+/-)-sarin vapor in air yielding 0.4 and 0.8 LCt50, (-)-sarin was detectable in blood up to 2 h after exposure, whereas (+)-sarin was not detectable at all. Nonlinearity of the toxicokinetics with the (+/-)-sarin dose was observed. ------------------------------------------------------------ (17 out of 17) ------------------------------------------------------------ Toxicology and Pharmacology of the Chemical Warfare Agent Sulfur Mustard - A Review. (Final technical rept. 29 Sep 94-31 Jan 95.) Geo-Centers, Inc., Newton Upper Falls, MA. 5 Apr 95. 89p Order number: AD-A294 927/9NIN, price code: PC A05/MF A01. Report no.: GC-TR-95-2533-014; USAMRMC-TR-9209 To order, call the NTIS subscription desk at (703) 487-4630. Dacre, J. C.; Beers, R.; Goldman, M. Summary: Sulfur mustard is a poisonous chemical agent which exerts a local action on the eyes, skin and respiratory tissue with subsequent systemic action on the nervous, cardiac, and digestive and endocrine systems in man and laboratory animals causing lacrimation, malaise, anorexia, salivation, respiratory distress, vomiting, hyperexcitability, cardiac distress, and death. Sulfur mustard is a cell poison which causes disumption and impairment of a variety of cellular activities which are dependent upon a very specific integral relationship. These cytotoxic effects are manifested in widespread metabolic disturbances whose variable characteristics are observed in enzymatic deficiencies, vesicant action, abnormal mitotic activity and cell division, bone marrow disruption, disturbances in hematopoietic activity and systemic poisoning. Indeed, mustard gas readily combines with various components of the cell such as amino acids, amines and proteins. Sulfur mustard has been shown to be mainly a lung carcinogen in various test animal species; this effect is highly dependent of size of the dose and the route of exposure. In the human, there is evidence of cancers of the respiratory tract in men exposed to mustard gas. Mutagenicity of sulfur mustard, due to the strong alkylating activity, has been reported to occur in many different species of animals, plants, bacteria, and fungi. There is no strong evidence that sulfur mustard is a teratogen but much further research, with particular emphasis on maternal and fetal toxicity, is needed and recommended. --------------------------------------------------------------------- [End] 5 June 1997 Source: ftp://ftp.fedworld.gov/pub/ntis/3en52002.txt ------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Item number 1 out of 7) ------------------------------------------------------------ Correlations of the Protozoa, 'Cryptosporidium' and 'Giardia', with Water Quality Variables in a Watershed. 1989 8p Order number: PB90-113234HDV, price code: PC A02/MF A01. Report no.: EPA/600/J-88/430 To order, call the NTIS sales desk at (703) 487-4650. A watershed in the western US was surveyed biweekly for a year for the protozoa Cryptosporidium and Giardia. Parasite samples were collected using filtration of 200-1000L of water, eluted by washing the filter, concentrated and clarified with density gradients. Oocyst and cysts were detected using monoclonal antibodies, in a direct or indirect immunofluorescent assay. KEYWORDS: Cryptosporidium, Water quality, Aquatic microbiology, Watersheds, Immunofluorescence technics ------------------------------------------------------------ (Item number 2 out of 7) ------------------------------------------------------------ Cryptosporidium and the Milwaukee Incident Jul 94 6p Order number: PB95-148623HDV, price code: PC A02/MF A01. Report no.: EPA/600/A-94/251 To order, call the NTIS sales desk at (703) 487-4650. In March and April of 1993, Milwaukee, WI reported a very large increase in the number of diarrhea patients and shortages of over the counter drugs for diarrhea control at local pharmacies. Preliminary investigations conducted by State and City officials suggested that the drinking water may have been partially responsible for distributing Cryptosporidium around Milwaukee. This paper describes the approach the EPA team took in evaluating the effectiveness of the water treatment facility to remove particulates, including a discussion of the key operational data and a description of what was observed at the treatment facilities. A brief summary and discussion of this data is presented in this paper. KEYWORDS: Cryptosporidium, Water Treatment Plants, Microorganism control (water), Water Pollution Effects (Humans) ------------------------------------------------------------ (Item number 3 out of 7) ------------------------------------------------------------ Cryptosporidium in Food and Water(Latest citations from Food Science and Technology Abstracts (FSTA)) Nov 94 Order number: PB95-855219HDV, price code: PC N01/MF N01 To order, call the NTIS sales desk at (703) 487-4650. The bibliography contains citations concerning Cryptosporidium parvuum, a protozoan producing infective oocysts with the potential for fatal human gastroenteritis under certain conditions. The citations discuss methods of determination and detection including polymerase chain reaction (PCR), immunofluorescence, enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA), and chemiluminescence. Water treatement and plant performance assessment using ozone, sand filters, chlorine dioxide, and chlorine are mentioned. (Contains a minimum of 52 citations and includes a subject term index and title list.) KEYWORDS: Bibliographies, Protozoa, Cryptosporidium, Published Searches, Water Treatment ------------------------------------------------------------ (Item number 4 out of 7) ------------------------------------------------------------ Cryptosporidium: Drinking Water Health Advisory Environmental Protection Agency, Health and Ecological Criteria Division DEC 93 21p Order number: PB94143526HDV, price code: PC A03/MF A01 To order, call the NTIS sales desk at (703) 487-4650. The health advisory provides information on the health effects, analytical methodology, treatment technology, and risk assessment that would be useful in dealing with emergency spills and contamination situation. It also addresses contamination of drinking water by a microbial pathogen, examines pathogen control, and addresses the issue of an infective dose. KEYWORDS: Drinking Water, Public Health, Microorganisms, Cryptosporidium ------------------------------------------------------------ (Item number 5 out of 7) ------------------------------------------------------------ Cryptosporidium: The Milwaukee Experience and Relevant Research Jun 94 12p Order number: PB95-174702HDV, price code: PC A03/MF A01. Report no.: EPA/600/A-95/028 To order, call the NTIS sales desk at (703) 487-4650. The Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR) was mandated on June 29, 1989 by the US EPA. This Rule requires all water utilities that use surface waters for their source for drinking water to filter the water before sending it out into the distribution system. Filtration is required to both remove pathogenic microorganisms that might be present and to remove particulates that could interfere with disinfection. Allowances in the SWTR are made for alternative techniques such as membrane filtration and cartidge filtration. The alternate technologies must demonstrate that they are capable of removing 99% of particles in the 5-15 pm range and meet a 0.5 NTU turbidity limit. KEYWORDS: Drinking Water, Filtration, Water Pollution Control, Cryptosporidium ------------------------------------------------------------ (Item number 6 out of 7) ------------------------------------------------------------ Dose Response of 'Cryptosporidium parvum' in Outbred Neonatal CD-1 Mice 1993 8p Order number: PB94-146289HDV, price code: PC A02/MF A01. Report no.: EPA/600/J-94/089 To order, call the NTIS sales desk at (703) 487-4650. Cryptosporidium parvum infectivity in a neonatal CD-1 mouse model was used to determine the dose needed to infect 50% of the population. The 50% infective dose was estimated to be 79 oocysts. All animals became infected when the mean oral dose exceeded 310 oocysts per animal. The dose response of C. parvum was modeled with a logit dose-response model suitable for use in water disinfection studies. KEYWORDS: Cryptosporidium, Water Supply, Public Health, Drinking Water, Water Treatment ------------------------------------------------------------ (Item number 7 out of 7) ------------------------------------------------------------ Drinking Water Criteria Document for Cryptosporidium Mar 93 101p Order number: PB95129169HDV, price code: PC A06/MF A02 To order, call the NTIS sales desk at (703) 487-4650. The Topics covered in this document includes: (1) General Information and Properties of Cryptosporidium; (2) Occurrence; (3) Health Effects in Animals; (4) Health Effects in Humans; (5) Risk Assessment; (6) Analysis and Treatment; and (7) Research Requirements. KEYWORDS: Public Health, Water Pollution Effects, Drinking Water, Cryptosporidium, Waterborne Diseases ------------------------------------------------------------ [End]