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What is Anonymous FTP?

There are two ways to conduct an FTP session:

If you have an account of the server you are FTPing to, you can use your user ID and password when starting the FTP connection. This means you should gain access to all your files in your home directory, as well as anything else your account is authorized to view.
Anonymous FTP does not require an account, login, or password on the remote computer; you can simply use anonymous as your login, and your email address as your password. Obviously you could type in anything in place of your e-mail address, but it is customary to use it so that the people who run the site can compile statistics regarding the use of their site. Anonymous FTP will only let you access publicly available files on that server.

Some poor FTP clients (particularly web browsers) are incapable of logging into an FTP site using a proper name and password, so they often automatically use anonymous. Not all machines allow anonymous access.