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To access the contents, click the chapter and section titles.
Complete Idiot's Guide to Linux
Viewing and Setting the Date and Time: dateThe date command allows you to read the current date and time as well as to set the time for your system (if you runt it as root). It provides a multitude of options that allow you to use a variety of formats for the date and time. By default, if you enter the date command, it prints the current date and time. To format the date, provide the + argument followed by a formatting string. The various options for the formatting strings (shown in Table 17.1) are preceded by a percent (%) symbol.
For example, to print the date in long format, you would type this: [alberto@digital alberto]$ date +%A %B %d %Y Sunday September 20 1998 Note that the format string, %A %B %d %Y, is enclosed by quotation marks (). (Enclosing the string in quotes is necessary so that the shell doesnt think it is receiving four separate arguments.) When you enclose the string in quotes, you can then add any text as separators inside of the string. For example, to add a comma after the day, you would type this: [alberto@digital alberto]$ date +%A, %B %d %Y Sunday, September 20 1998 To print the date as a number using the pattern YYYYMMDD, do this: [alberto@digital alberto]$ date +%Y%m%d 19980920 To set the system clock, you would provide a date in the following format:
Getting a Calendar: calThe cal command prints a calendar. By default, it prints a calendar for the current month: [alberto@digital alberto]$ cal September 1998 Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 If you provide a single argument, it is assumed to be a year: [alberto@digital alberto]$ cal 1998 1998 January February March Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 29 30 31 April May June Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa 1 2 3 4 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 26 27 28 29 30 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 28 29 30 31 July August September Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa 1 2 3 4 1 1 2 3 4 5 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 26 27 28 29 30 31 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 27 28 29 30 30 31 October November December Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 29 30 27 28 29 30 31 Note that cal 98 and cal 1998 will print very different calendars, as 98 and 1998 are very different years. To display a particular month in a year, provide two arguments. The first is taken as the month, the second as the year: [alberto@digital alberto]$ cal 12 1998 December 1998 Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
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