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To access the contents, click the chapter and section titles.
Complete Idiot's Guide to Linux
Opening a FolderYou open a folder to see what other files and folders it contains. When you open a folder, the KFM window displays the contents of the new directory. Initially, KFM displays files as large icons. Other view formats are available from the View menu. To open a directory, just click on it. You can also use your keyboards arrow keys to move among icons. To open the selected file, press Enter. The keyboard technique allows you to select a file. Because KFM uses a single click to open a file, its difficult to select files with the mouse: A single click can take you into a directory you didnt mean to open. Future versions of KFM will allow you to use a double-click to open a directory. To view a folders contents in a new window, right-click the folder. To select a folder without opening it, click on it while pressing the Ctrl key. Dot filesfiles with a name beginning with a period (.)are typically omitted from file listings. To view dot files with KFM, select the Show Dot Files command from the View menu. When you open a directory, the view displaying the contents of the previous folder is replaced with the contents of the new folder. Opening a FileYou open a file to see its contents, just like a folder. When you open a file, KFM opens the file by running the application associated with the file. If the application is not currently running, KFM starts it up for you. When the application opens, it displays your file. If the file is an application, KFM simply starts the application. To select a file without opening it, click on it while pressing the Ctrl key. KFM uses various methods to try to figure the type of a file. One of the methods it uses is to look at the file extension (typically a three-character name following a period at the end of a filename). Another method peeks at the contents of the file. If KFM cannot figure out what application opens your file, the file will display an icon with a question mark.
If you try to open such a file, KFM will prompt you for the application to use.
A Tree ViewKFM provides a tree view that you can use to easily jump among folders. You can enable tree views through the Show Tree option in the View menu.
The Show Tree command displays three folders: the root folder (/), a shortcut to your own home directory called My Home, and a directory called Desktop.
A File ListYou can list the contents of the current folder in such a way that it includes additional information about each of the files, such as its size, owner, and permissions and the time it was last modified. To view additional file details, choose the Long View option in the View menu.
What the Listing MeansWhen you display the contents of a folder using Long View, the following additional information is displayed in a table format:
Lets examine these components in more detail. File Size This refers to the size of the file in bytes. A byte represents one character of information. 1024 characters represent 1K (Kilobyte) of data. One Megabyte is 1024K. Last Changed The time and date that the file was last modified is shown. The time is displayed using 24-hour military time, where 6:00PM is represented as 18:00 and midnight is 0:00. File Owner The username represents the owner of the file or folder. This is typically the user who created it. The owner of a file can grant permissions to the file so that others may be able to access and read the file. File Group On a multiuser system like Linux, multiple users can be assigned to a group. A group allows its members to more easily share files. Groups and owners are closely related with permissions. Permissions All files in the file system have three sets of permissions. One set exists for the owner of the file, one for the group of the file, and one for other users. These permission sets allow the owner of a file to control who can access the files he or she creates. Permissions work because all users are required to log into Linux before having access to the computer. Whenever you access a file, the system checks to see if you have the proper permissions on the file. If you dont, the system rejects your request. There are several levels of permission:
Permissions are specified as three groups; heres how the permissions read:
BookmarksKFM is able to remember locations in your file system through bookmarks. A bookmark allows you to save a location so you can quickly return to it no matter how deep it is. In this regard, they function like Web bookmarks. To create a bookmark:
Bookmarks can be accessed through the Bookmarks menu available from the KFM window or by right-clicking on an empty area of your desktop. Selecting Files and FoldersIn KFM you can select multiple files with the mouse if you hold down the Ctrl key while making your selection. From the keyboard, you can use the arrow keys to move among icons. To select an icon, press the Spacebar. To open the icon, press Enter.
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