Index
A
- AAL1, 115-116, 131
- AAL2, 115-116
- AAL3/4, 115-116
- AAL5, 115-116, 131
- AAL Layer, 113, 115-116
- ABR, 126, 130
- AC, 24, 25, 182
- access coordination, 182
- Access Tandem, 101
- ADC, 30
- A/D converter, 98
- ADSL, 9-14, 16, 21-23, 54, 100, 102, 155, 191, 200
- framing, 213
- modem, 209-210
- system architecture, 210-211
- transport capacity, 212
- ADSL Network Termination, 207-210
- aggregators, 157
- alternating current, 24
- analog modem, 10, 15-16, 99
- analog signal, 25-26, 30, 32, 39, 55
- analog-to-digital converter, 30, 98
- ANT, 207-208
- API, 74, 87
- Application Layer, 73, 87-88
- application programming interface, 74, 87
- Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line, 9 See also ADSL
- asynchronous transmission, 47, 49-50
- Asynchronous Transmission Mode, 7 See also ATM
- ATM, 7, 10-14, 16-18, 21-23, 41, 54, 89, 95, 99, 102-103, 155-159, 167
- ATM
- AAL1, 115-116, 131
- AAL2, 115-116
- AAL3/4, 115-116
- AAL5, 115-116, 131
- AAL Layer, 113, 115-116
- Adaptation Layer, 116
- backbone network, 152
- benefits, 11-12, 170-172
- cell, 101, 118-124
- cell header, 119, 125
- cell types, 119
- "cloud," 151-152
- customers, 176
- equipment suppliers, 174-175
- fiber based, 20
- growth, 168-170
- header, 113, 120
- interfaces, 119-121, 135
- interworking, 156-159
- layer, 114
- network, 21
- network evolution, 169
- network interfaces, 119, 135-136
- non-recurring charges, 181
- over ADSL, 214-215
- physical layer, 114
- planes, 116-118
- players, 172-174
- ports, 178-179
- protocol layers, 113-116
- PVC, 12
- rate structure, 180-185
- recurring charges, 181-183
- router, 101
- service revenues, 177
- services, 14, 179
- switch, 125, 148-150
- traffic, 179-180
- traffic management and control, 132-135
- ATM "cloud," 151-152
- ATM planes, 116-118
- Control Plane, 118
- Layer Management subplane, 79, 113, 118
- Management Plane, 118
- Plane Management subplane, 118
- User Plane, 117
- audio, 15, 16, 142-143
- available bit rate, 126
- average, 25
B
- B-ISDN, 18, 40, 57
- backbone network, 11, 151-152
- backhaul charges, 183
- bandwidth, 16-18, 33, 38-40, 49, 141, 145
- big endian, 89
- binary, 27
- bit, 28
- bitswapping, 206
- bit timing, 115
- bridge, 97, 103
- Broadband ISDN, 18, 40, 57-58
- broadband services, 18
- broadcast, 7
- buffers, 79
- burstiness, 35-36
- bursty, 33, 67
- business drivers, 12
- bus topology, 107-108
- byte, 28
C
- carrier, 19, 26
- CATV, 6, 7, 16
- CBR, 66, 69, 130-131
- CCITT, 73
- cell
- address, 114
- delay, 131
- delineation, 115
- demultiplex, 115
- header, 114, 115
- loss, 131
- multiplex, 115
- rate decoupling, 115
- relay, 69
- VPI/VCI translation, 115
- cell delay variation, 127
- cell loss priority, 114, 120, 121, 126
- cell loss probability, 127
- central office, 9
- switch, 62, 101
- channel designations, 37
- circuit emulation, 14, 162
- circuit switching, 66
- class of service, 15
- CLP, 114, 121, 126
- coaxial cable, 4, 7, 16
- common carrier, 7
- common control, 63
- communication
- networks, 7, 33, 91
- protocols, 109-110
- services, 6, 33
- systems, 4, 5, 6, 19, 27, 97
- technology, 23
- communications, 2, 3, 5, 19
- Community Antenna Television, 6
- competition, 163
- compression, 40
- computer, 18
- computer technology, 19
- concentrators, 157
- congestion control, 113
- connection oriented connection, 115-116, 124, 129, 133
- connection switching, 63
- connectionless oriented connection, 115-116, 124, 129, 133
- connectionless switching, 66, 67
- constant bit rate, 69, 129
- Control Plane, 118
- copper wire, 11, 16, 18, 58
- CPE, 49, 128, 153
- managed, 185
- CRC, 92
- crossbar switching, 63
- CSU, 136
- customer premises equipment, 49
- convergence, 115
- cyclic redundancy check, 92
D
- DA, 210
- DAC, 30
- D/A converter, 99
- data, 16, 19
- access, 15
- communication, 5, 6, 19, 99
- integrity, 77
- radio network, 99
- rate, 17, 18, 37, 38
- transmission, 33
- database access sharing, 13
- Data Exchange Interface, 136
- datagram, 67
- Data Link Layer, 73, 77-80
- DBS, 6, 7, 60, 188
- DC, 23
- DE, 114, 139
- defense, 12
- Defense Information Services Network, 169
- Delta-2 Switching Matrix, 65
- demodulation, 26
- demultiplexing, 53-54
- destination, 8, 19
- digital
- bits, 40
- channel bank, 46
- data, 4, 5, 6
- devices, 29
- modulation, 99
- pulses, 31
- radio, 99
- signal, 27-30, 32, 39, 55
- signal processing, 9
- terminal interface, 98
- Digital Subscriber Line, 9, 191 See also DSL
- digital-to-analog converter, 30
- Direct Broadcast Satellite, 6, 7, 189 See also DBS
- direct current, 24
- Discard Enable, 114, 134
- Discrete Multi-Tone coding, 204
- DISN, 169
- DMT, 204
- DOS, 70, 86
- downstream, 16
- DS-1, 35
- DSL, 9, 198-199
- technology, 194-198
- types, 198-204
- DSU, 136
- DTI, 98, 99
- duplex, 49, 98
- DXI, 136
E
- echo cancellation, 205-206
- effective transparency, 66
- electrical
- current, 24
- voltage, 24
- electromagnetic spectrum, 38
- e-mail, 90
- encoding information, 9
- endian
- big, 89
- little, 89
- end-to-end, 7
- error control, 69
- error recovery, 68
- Ethernet, 16
- II framing, 94
- Gigabit, 163, 164
- SNAP framing, 94
- equipment manufacturers, 10
F
- FDM, 37, 44, 52-54, 205
- fiber transmission, 7
- flow control, 82
- frame, 89-91
- adaptation, 115
- IEEE 802.3, 93
- Ethernet II, 94
- Ethernet SNAP, 94
- generation, 115
- lengths, 118
- recovery, 115
- structures, 93-95
- Token Ring, 95
- frame relay, 7, 68, 118, 163-165
- high speed, 163
- framing, 79, 213
- frequency, 26
- frequency division multiplexing, 37, 44, 52-53, 205
G
- GAN, 7, 11, 17, 102
- gates
- AND, 29
- NAND, 29
- OR, 29
- NOR, 29
- gateway, 97, 99, 103
- generic flow control, 119, 121
- GFC, 119, 120, 121
- global area network, 7 See also GAN
- global
- backbone network, 11
- community, 11
- information transmission system, 11
- language, 11
- unification, 22
H
- half duplex, 44
- HDLC, 80
- HDSL, 202
- HDTV, 5
- High Data Rate Digital Subscriber Line, 202
- high level online adaptation, 206
- header, 74
- header error check, 124
- header error control, 120-121
- HEC, 121
- hierarchical topology, 105-106
- high logic level, 27
- high-speed data services, 18, 141-148
- hub, 97, 99, 103
I
- idle cells, 119
- IDN, 56
- IEC, 100
- IEEE 488, 72
- IEEE 802, 93, 94
- IEEE 803, 72, 79
- IMA, 150
- information, 19
- encoding, 4
- services, 7
- superhighway, 11, 12, 21
- transport, 6, 7
- Integrated Services Digital Network, 6, 55, 56 See also ISDN
- Interexchange Carriers, 100, 102
- International Standardization Organization, 111
- Internet, 11, 15-16, 91, 168
- Internet services, 16
- interworking,
- ATM, 156-159
- platform, 14
- inverse multiplexing over ATM, 150
- IP, 158
- IPX, 90
- IPX/SPX, 90
- ISDN, 6, 15, 18, 55-58
- Broadband, 40, 57-58
- Narrowband, 40, 56-57
- ISO, 111
- ISP, 15
- ITU-T, 18, 73
L
- LAN, 6, 11, 16-17, 97, 102
- applications, 16
- emulation, 130
- LANE, 130
- LATA, 100
- latency, 131
- Layer Management Plane, 79, 113, 118
- leading edge, 29
- leased lines, 164
- LEC, 100, 102
- legacy networks, 11
- light wave, 4, 61-62
- little endian, 89
- LLC, 79
- LLD, 78
- Local Access and Transport Area, 100
- local area network, 6, 7, 16 See also LAN
- Local Exchange Carriers, 100
- local loop, 11
- local subscribers, 101
- Logical Link Control Sublayer, 79
- long-haul carrier, 19
- low level driver, 75, 78
- low logic level, 27
- low-speed data, 141
M
- MAC, 79
- MAN, 7, 11, 17, 97, 102
- managed customer premises equipment, 185-186
- Management Information Base, 81, 141
- Management Plane, 118
- maximum burst size, 126
- maximum cell delay, 126-127
- MBS, 126, 128
- MCR, 126
- mean time to repair, 152-153
- Media Access Control, 79
- mesh topology, 107
- metropolitan area network, 7 See also MAN
- MIB, 81, 141
- microwave transmission, 4, 60
- minimum cell rate, 126
- modulating frequency, 26
- modulation, 26, 100
- MRCS, 68
- MSP, 156
- MTTR, 152-153
- multicasting, 134-135
- multimedia, 5, 16, 146-147
- applications, 16
- services, 10
- multiple services platform, 156
- multiplexing, 33-37, 45-46, 50-53, 68, 114
- multirate circuit switching, 68
N
- N-ISDN, 18, 40, 77
- Narrowband ISDN, 40, 56-57
- network interface See NNI and UNI
- Network Layer, 73, 80-82
- network management, 155-156
- Network Node Interface, 135, 151
- networks, 16, 19
- network topologies, 103-109
- nibble, 28
- NNI, 119, 135, 148, 151
- noise generation, 46
- numbering system, 27
- Nyquist rate, 31
O
- OAM, 74
- octet, 28
- one-stop shopping, 185
- open-shortest-path-first, 80
- Open Systems Interconnection model, 73, 111 See also OSI model
- Operations Administration and Management, 74
- optical transmission, 7, 47
- OSI model, 73-88, 111-113
- oversubscription, 186
P
- packet, 89, 91
- assembler/disassembler, 87
- switching, 7, 67
- paging systems, 60
- PAM, 32
- passband, 39-40
- payload, 118
- type indicator, 121
- PCM, 45, 47
- PCR, 125, 128, 130, 139-140
- PDH, 47, 66
- PDM, 33
- PDU, 90-92
- peak cell rate, 125, 139-140
- peak-to-peak, 25
- peer-to-peer communications, 112
- period, 28
- permanent virtual circuit, 14, 91 See also PVC
- personal communications, 5, 60
- Physical Layer, 36, 73, 75-77
- physical link control, 77
- physical medium, 115
- Physical Service Access Points, 75
- Plain Old Telephone Service, 5, 34
- Plane Management Subplane, 118
- platform interworking, 14
- Plesciosynchronous Digital Hierarchy, 47
- Point of Presence, 181
- point-to-point topology, 104
- POP, 181
- port
- charges, 182-183, 189
- oversubscription, 186
- speed, 132
- POTS, 5, 16, 34, 35
- splitter, 211-212
- Presentation Layer, 73, 86-87
- primary rate, 18
- primitive, 78
- Protocol Data Unit, 90
- protocols, 71-72, 89-90, 109-110
- provisioning, 124
- PSAP, 75
- PSTN, 5, 35
- user characteristics, 34
- PTM, 32
- Public Switched Telephone Network, 5, 19, 34, 97, 100
- pulse
- amplitude modulation, 31
- code modulation, 45, 47
- demodulation, 31
- duration modulation, 33
- modulation, 31
- time modulation, 32
- train, 31
- width modulation, 33
- PVC, 91, 129, 133
- charge, 182
- rate, 183
- PWM, 33
Q
- QoS, 33-34, 67, 129-130, 159-160
- quality of service See QoS
- quantizing error, 46
R
- radio wave, 4
- radio wave propagation, 19, 60
- RBOC, 100
- reassembly, 115
- redundancy enhancement, 68
- reed relay, 63
- Regional Bell Operating Company, 100
- registers, 78
- reliability levels
- simple, 82
- multiplexing, 82
- basic error recovery, 82
- error recovery and multiplexing, 82
- error detection and recovery class, 82
- remote
- file transfers, 90
- logon services, 90
- request
- for circuit activation, 78
- for circuit deactivation, 78
- to transfer data, 78
- RF communications, 19
- RF propagation, 59
- ring topology, 108-109
- RMS, 35
- router, 97, 99, 103
S
- sampling period, 32
- SAP, 93
- satellite transmission, 4
- scaleable, 12, 171
- SCR, 125, 128, 130, 140
- SDH, 47, 61
- SDSL, 204
- seamless, 55, 56
- segmentation, 90, 115
- serial communication, 49
- Service Advertising Protocol, 93
- service classes, 14, 128-131
- service provider, 14, 19, 21
- Session Layer, 73, 84-85
- set-top box, 10
- shared access, 162
- shielded twisted pair, 59, 77
- signal
- conditioning, 9
- conversion, 30
- multiplexing, 33
- signaling, 124-125
- Single Line Digital Subscriber Line, 204
- sinusoidal waveform, 25
- SMDS, 163, 164
- SONET, 47, 61
- source, 8, 19
- space division switching, 63
- spectrum, 38
- splitter, POTS, 211
- star topology, 104-105
- step-by-step switching, 63
- stereophonic audio, 15
- STM, 47
- STP, 59, 77
- Strowger switch, 62-63
- sustainable cell rate, 125, 140-141
- SVC, 91, 133, 160-161
- SVCC, 160
- SVPC, 160, 162
- switch, central office, 101
- switched
- channel, 36
- multimegabit data service, 163
- networks, 34
- virtual circuit, 14, 91, 160-161
- virtual circuit connection, 160
- virtual path connection, 160, 162
- switches, 19
- switching, 19, 23, 42, 62-68, 114
- switching technology, 7
- synchronous transmission, 47-49
- Synchronous Digital Hierarchy, 47 See also SDH
- Synchronous Optical Network, 47 See also SONET
- synchronous time division multiplexer, 47
- system capacity, 36
- systems, 19
T
- TCP/IP, 89-90
- TDM, 37, 46-47, 52-54, 66, 68
- carrier standards, 37
- telecommunications, 19
- industry, 21
- telegraph, 3, 22
- telephone, 3-4, 22
- telephone company, 7
- time division multiplexing, 37 See also TDM
- token bus, 16
- token ring, 16
- framing, 95
- topology, 103-109
- bus, 107-108
- hierarchical, 105-106
- mesh, 107
- point-to-point, 104
- ring, 108-109
- star, 104-105
- traffic shaping, 127-128
- trailer, 74
- trailing edge, 29
- transistors, 45
- transmission systems, 2-4, 7, 43-50, 56
- transmission technology, 5, 7
- transparency, 8
- Transport Layer, 73, 82-84
- trunk, 101
U
- UART, 99
- UBR, 130-131
- unassigned cells, 119
- UNI, 119, 135, 153, 160
- Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter, 99
- UNIX, 70, 86
- unshielded twisted pair, 59, 76
- unspecified bit rate, 130
- UPC, 134
- upper cutoff frequency, 40
- usage based billing, 187-189
- usage parameter control, 134
- User Network Interface, 135, 148, 153-154
- User Plane, 117
- UTP, 59, 76
V
- variable bit rate, 68, 129 See also VBR
- VBR, 68, 125, 130-131
- VBR-nrt, 115, 130
- VBR-rt, 115, 130
- VCI, 120-124
- VDSL, 203-204
- Very High Rate DSL, 203-204
- video, 5, 12, 15-16, 143-146
- applications, 16
- virtual
- channel, 14, 121-123
- channel identifier, 120-124
- circuit, 67
- path, 121-123
- path identifier, 14, 120-124
- terminal, 88
- voice, 16
- Voice Over Frame Relay protocol, 119
- VPI, 120-124
- VP OAM traffic cells, 119
- VP traffic cells, 119
W
- WAN, 7, 11, 17, 97, 102
- wide area network, 7 See also WAN
- wireless systems, 45, 46, 60
- word, 28
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