APPENDIX |
Medical Expert Systems Developed from 1992 to 1996 |
|
Year |
System |
Domain |
Knowledge representation |
|
1992 |
Bernelot Moens H.J. (AI/RHEUM) |
Rheumatology |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Satomura Y. et al. |
Medical diagnosis |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
A-Rassk M. et al. (QSAR) |
Molecularity |
Rule-based reasoning (tree-structured series of rules) |
|
Schecke T. et al. |
Cardiology |
Fuzzy |
|
Metz D.E. et al. |
Acoustics |
Neural networks |
|
Fischer F. et al. |
Self-instruction |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Musen M.A. (PROTEGE-II) |
Medicine |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Lanzola G. et al. |
Medical diagnosis |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Lill W. et al. |
Skull structure (maxillofacial area) |
Case-based reasoning |
|
Karp P.D. |
Metabolism |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Learning M.S. et al. |
Oncology |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Heathfield H. et al. |
Breast disease |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Macura (CBT-RAD) |
Tutor for neuroradiology |
Case-based reasoning |
|
Guigo R. et al. |
Genetics |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Long W.J. et al. |
Cardiology (Heart failure) |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Rapoport G.N. et al. |
Bioscience |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Stoker N.G. et al. |
General surgery |
Case-based reasoning |
|
Niemierko A. (RONSC) |
Radiation Therapy (Tumor control and normal tissue) |
Case-based reasoning |
|
Sneiderman C.A. et al. |
Medical Thesauruses |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Uckun S. |
Biomedicine |
Model-based reasoning |
|
Engle R.L. |
Medical diagnosis |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Demiling L. |
Medicine |
Chaos research, fuzzy logic |
|
Xing Y. et al. (QUALICON) |
Neurology |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Valdiguie P.M. et al. |
Biochemistry |
Case-based reasoning |
|
Bonadonna F. et al. |
Radiology |
Visual knowledge processing |
|
Heckerman D.E. et al. (Pathfinder-Part I) |
Medical diagnosis (Lymph node disease) |
Non-decision-theoretic |
|
Kotzke K. |
Nuclear medicine |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Heckerman D.E. et al. (Part II) |
Medical diagnosis |
Decision theory Rule-based reasoning |
|
Ohmann C. et al. |
Gastroenterology |
Decision analysis |
|
Dupuits F.M.H.M. (HIOSa) |
Daily medical care |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Fuzzy decision making (Yoshida K.) |
Uncertainty in medical decision-making |
Fuzzy set theory |
|
Popper M. (OOP) |
Medicine |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Sotiropouls M.Th. |
Urology |
Concepts structure |
|
Miller (Q M R) |
Medicine |
Case-based reasoning |
|
Amaral M.B. (DSM-IIIR) |
Medicine |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Amaral M.B. (NLP, DSM-IIIR) |
Medicine |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Karp V.P. (Consilium-1) |
Medicine |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Zhong Lijie (CHDDT) |
Congenital heart disease |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Sawar M.J. (POEMS) |
Postoperative care |
Case-based reasoning Rule-based reasoning |
|
Schwaiger J. et al. (NIMON) |
Renal disease |
Rule-based reasoning (Causal probabilistic networks) |
|
Ketikidis P.H. et al. (ARRES) |
Adverse respiratory and circulatory conditions in post-anaesthesia |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Ferri F. et al. (VOQUEL) |
Pancreatic disease |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Bonfa I. et al. |
Chronic liver disease |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Ohayon M. et al. (Adinfer) |
Psychiatry |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Ong L.S. et al. |
Hospital bed |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Bayasitoglu A. et al. |
Liver disease |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Johansson B.G. et al. |
Medicine |
Arden syntax, C++ |
|
Leao B. de F. et al. |
Congenital heart disease |
Three-layer model |
|
Fuge C.F. et al. |
Diabetic disease (Hyperglycemia) |
Computer-assisted instruction |
|
Berger J. (ROENTGEN) |
Radiation therapy |
Case-based reasoning |
|
Wenkebach U. et al. |
Critical care patients |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Shahar Y. et al. |
Patient monitoring |
Three temporal-abstraction mechanism |
|
Muggletion S. et al. |
Biology |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Westenskow D.R. et al. |
Anesthesiology (Misdiagnosis) |
Neural networks |
|
King R.D. et al. (GOLEM) |
Pharmacy |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Shoemaker W.C. et al. |
Hemodynamic (oxygen transport) |
Physiology model based |
1993 |
Alnahi H. et al. |
Molecular biology |
Statistical inductive algorithm |
|
Cohen D. et al. |
DNA crystallographic data |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Clark D.A. et al. (CBS1, CBS2) |
Protein structure |
Logic language |
|
Clerkauer K.J. et al. |
Protein structure |
Neural networks |
|
Aaronson J.S. et al. |
Nucleic acid |
Case-based reasoning |
|
Mephu Nguifo E. et al. |
Genetics |
Symbolic-numeric machine learning system |
|
Bahler D. et al. |
Chemical carcinogen |
Rule-based reasoning (Induction-based method) |
|
Leng B. et al. |
Protein structure |
Case-based reasoning |
|
Graves M. (WEAVE) |
Genetics |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Ferran E.A. et al. |
Protein structure |
Neural networks |
|
Conkklin D. et al. |
Protein structure |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Widman L.E. et al. (EINTHOVEN) |
Cardiology |
Model-based system Heuristic rules |
|
Brezillon P.J. et al. (SAIC) |
DNA sequence |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Lamb D.J. et al. |
Male infertility |
Neural networks |
|
Chow J.L. et al. (NMRES) |
Cardiology |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Cavallo V. et al. |
Radiology |
Computer-based simulation |
|
Coleman W.P. et al. |
Physiologic |
Computational logic |
|
Weiver A. |
Decision-making of critical care (Life-support) |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Lau F. et al. |
Hemodynamics |
Case-based reasoning |
|
Shahar Y. et al. (RESUME) |
Patient monitoring |
CLIPS knowledge-representation shell |
|
Berman L. et al. (DBX) |
Biomedicine |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Tong D.A. et al. |
Cardiology (Electrocardiograph) |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Rozenbojn J. et al. |
Clinical diagnosis |
ESE IBM Expert system language |
|
McKenzie D.P. et al. |
Diagnostic decision |
Rules, Linear discriminant analysis |
|
Giuse N.B. et al. |
Acute perinephric abscess |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Cimino J.J. et al. |
Medicine |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
McGonigal M.D. et al. |
Trauma |
Neural networks |
|
Bishop C.W. et al. |
Medical records, drug and test ordering |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Barosi G. et al. |
Medical diagnosis |
Diagnostic reasoning |
|
Ohayon M.M. |
Psychiatry |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Mastsuo Y. et al. |
Protein structure |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
van Daalen C. et al. |
Neurology (Brachial plexus injuries) |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Reeke G.N. Jr. et al. |
Neuroscience |
Neural networks |
|
Aynsley M. et al. |
Biotechnology |
Neural networks |
|
Ebell M.H. |
Cardiology (CPR) |
Neural networks |
|
Scott R. |
Nuclear medicine |
Neural networks |
|
Scott J.A. et al. |
Lung scan |
Neural networks |
|
Klopman G. et al. |
Mutagenicity |
Case-based reasoning |
|
Mural R.J. et al. |
Genetics (DNA sequence) |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Wildnar M. et al. |
Waiting lists |
Fuzzy logic |
|
Cibulskis R.E. et al. |
Health service |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Howells, S.L. et al. |
Tumor |
Neural networks |
|
Cohen O. et al. (RCPc) |
Genetics |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Stemberg M.J. et al. (GOLEM) |
Protein structure |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Sumner W. et al. |
Medical practice |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Dojat M. et al. |
Ventilation of patients |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Tape T.G. et al. |
Ambulatory care |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Poon A.D. et al. |
Medical care |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Bradabwm (FLORENCE) |
Nursing care |
Case-based reasoning |
|
Smith (Psychotherapy) |
Psychotherapy of addictive behavior and psychological trauma |
Case-based reasoning |
|
Jang (HYDI) |
Heart disease |
Case-based reasoning |
|
Modai L. et al. |
Psychiatry |
Neural networks |
|
Nicolas S.T. et al. |
Human sleep |
Neural networks |
|
Jack V.T. et al. |
Cardiac surgery |
Neural networks |
|
James R.G. |
Amnesia in diffuse cerebral atrophy |
Neural networks |
|
Khan (ISIS) |
diagnostic imaging procedure |
Case-based reasoning |
1994 |
Paoli G. et al. |
Hematology |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Leng B. et al. |
Protein analysis |
Case-based reasoning |
|
Hafner C.D. et al. |
Biology |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Bichindaritz (Psychiatry) |
Eating disorder |
Case-based reasoning |
|
Chae Y.M. et al. |
Allergic rhinitis |
Neural networks Case-based reasoning |
|
Kim J.A. et al. |
Nursing scheduling |
Neural networks |
1995 |
Dojat M. et al. |
Medicine |
Object-oriented programming Rule-based reasoning |
|
Likothanasis S.D. et al. |
Cervix cancer |
Neural networks |
|
Karp P.D. |
Molecular biology |
Neural networks |
|
Prokosch H.U. et al. |
Rheumatology |
Semantic networks |
|
Van den Heuvel F. et al. (SmaCS) |
Heart disease |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Boegl K. et al. |
Rheumatologic disease |
Fuzzy theory |
|
Learner B. et al. |
Genetics |
Neural networks |
|
Sukhaswami M.B. et al. |
Telugu (Characters) |
Neural networks |
|
Korning P.G. |
Genetics |
Neural networks |
|
Kischell E.R. et al. |
Neuroradiology |
Neural networks |
|
Safran C. et al. |
Patient record |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Babic A. et al. |
Asymptomatic liver disease |
Neural networks |
|
Doering A. et al. |
Epilepsy |
Neural networks |
|
Dumitra A. et al. |
Psychiatric mood disorder |
Neural networks |
|
Leao B. et al. (HYCON S II) |
CHD and renal disease |
Neural networks |
|
Ohno-Machado L. et al. |
AIDS |
Neural networks |
|
Witte H. et al. |
Epilepsy |
Neural networks |
|
Yoshida K. et al. |
Hepatobiliary disease |
Neural networks Fuzzy rules |
|
Ichimura T. et al. |
Hepatobiliary disease |
Neural networks Fuzzy rules |
|
Tsumoto S. et al. |
Headache and facial pain |
Probabilitic rule-based reasoning |
|
Tong D.A. et al. |
Cardiology |
Telemedicine system |
|
Dore L. et al. (CPR) |
Hypertension |
Object oriented reasoning |
|
Ambrosino R. et al. |
Cost-effective health care |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Ryder R.M. et al. |
Cardiovascular rehabilitation |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Hogan W.R. et al. |
Medicine |
Belief network (For encoding reminder rules) |
|
Haddawy P. et al. (BNG) |
Cardiology |
Bayesian networks |
|
Hadzikadic M. et al. |
Trauma |
Standard logistic regression |
|
Kuperman G.J. et al. |
Pharmacy |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Boon-Ralleur A.L. et al. |
Hyperthyroid |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Smart J.R. et al. |
Pathology |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Hosseini-Nezhad S.M. et al. |
Pediatric |
Neural networks |
|
Spyropoulos B. et al. |
Nosology |
Case-based reasoning |
|
Astion M.L. et al. |
Rheumatic disease |
Neural networks |
|
Ozkarahan I. |
Health care costs in operation room |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Place J.F. et al. |
Medicine |
Neural networks |
|
Duong D.V. et al. |
Semiotic |
IAC neural networks |
|
Mayer-Ohly E. et al. (MEDRISK) |
Insurance medical knowledge |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Shahar Y. et al. (RESUME) |
Diabetes |
Knowledge-based temporal abstraction |
|
Anderson J.D. |
Clinical uncertainty |
Case-based reasoning |
|
Boom R.A. (TICITL) |
Jaundice, fever, acute high upper quadrant abdominal pain |
Case-based reasoning |
|
Alendahl K. |
Primary health care |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Cl ret M. (ADMa) |
Cardiology, pathologies |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Ferri F. (CADMIO) |
Medicine |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Fiore M. (MUMPS) |
Medicine |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Mann G. |
Medicine |
Object-oriented system |
|
Ohmann C. |
Acute abdominal pain |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Schmidt R. (ICONS) |
Antibiotics therapy |
Case-based reasoning |
|
Baatar S. (RGT) |
Medicine |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Hofest R. (METABOLICA) |
Metabolic disease |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Kindler H. (FORMs) |
Medicine |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Lau F. |
ICU care |
Case-based reasoning |
|
Narita Y. (3-AND-3-OR) |
Medicine |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Steimann F. |
Toxoplasmasis |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Kovacs M. (Auctoriatas) |
Psychiatry |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Nguyen H.P. (CHROMASSIa) |
Painful syndromes and chronic disease |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Balas E.A. (QFES) |
Diabetes |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Edwards G.A. (PEIRS) |
Pathology |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Frize M. |
Intensive care |
Case-based reasoning |
|
Schriger D.L. (EDECS) |
Clinical guidelines |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Safran C. |
HIV |
Case-based reasoning |
|
Richards B. |
Drug therapy in intensive care |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Brai A. (ALERT) |
Anthrax, plague, smallpox |
Case-based reasoning |
|
Sternberg M.J. et al. |
Protein |
STAMP algorithm |
|
Evans C.D. |
Dysmorphology |
Case-based reasoning |
|
Li Y.C. et al. |
The behavior of physicians |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Seroussi B. et al. |
Hemato-oncology |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Siregar P. (CAI) |
Cardiology |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Ito M. (SAPIEN-Tx) |
Renal disease |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Park H.A. |
Stomach cancer |
Neural networks |
|
Schriger D.L. (EDECS) |
Emergency patient |
Rule-based reasoning |
1996 |
Thews O. et al. |
Leukemia |
Semantic networks |
|
Derks E.P. (PCV) |
Chemical information |
Neural networks |
|
Brickley M.R. et al. |
Dentistry |
Neural networks |
|
Sabbatini R.M. |
Electrocardiograms Electroencephalograms |
Neural networks |
|
Leao B.D. et al. |
Medicine |
Combinatorial neural networks Fuzzy ARTMAP model Semantic ART |
|
Wallner F. |
Ophthalmology |
Fuzzy |
|
Davenprot J.C. et al. |
Dentistry |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Miao J. et al. |
Hematology |
Bayes Gaussia classification |
|
Dojat M. et al. |
Ventilation |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
White S.C. |
Dentistry |
Rule-based reasoning Bayesian conditional probability |
|
Michiko H. et al. |
Diabetes mellitus |
Rule-based reasoning Fuzzy |
|
Kim S.K. |
Headache |
Fuzzy Neural networks |
|
Peter S. et al. (FHDSS) |
Fetal health |
Rule-based reasoning Object-oriented method |
|
Garibaldi J.M. et al. |
Umbilical cord blood |
Fuzzy logic Rule-based reasoning |
|
Mcalister M.J. et al. |
Color blindness |
Rule-based reasoning Multimedia system |
|
Chae Y.M. et al. |
Asthma |
Neural networks Case-based reasoning Discriminant analysis |
|
Takahashi E. et al. |
Hypertension |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Mann G. et al. |
Collagen disease |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Godard P. et al. (Asthmaexpert) |
Asthma |
Rule-based reasoning Statistical method |
|
Zbigniew S. et al. (SEKSDIAM) |
Orthodontia |
Neural networks |
|
Alexander R. et al. |
Ischemia heart disease |
Fuzzy set theory |
|
John L.N. et al. |
Diabetes |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Kristian G. et al. |
Diagnosis of multiple diseases |
Causal probabilistic networks |
|
Wiesman F. et al. |
Biomedical literature |
Neural networks |
|
Gongxian C. et al. |
Optic nerve diseases |
Neural networks (SOM) |
|
David B. et al. |
Radiology (Image retrieval) |
Case-based reasoning Heuristic rules |
|
Paulescu N. et al. (FITOTER) |
Phytotherapy |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Kokol P.Z. et al. (RO2SE) |
Cardiology |
Object-oriented method |
|
Meeking D.R. et al. (DIAS) |
Diabetes |
Causal probabilistic network |
|
Erkki P. |
Acute abdominal pain |
Neural networks |
|
Marek W.K. et al. |
Acute renal failure |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Frauendienst G. et al. |
Inborn error |
Causal probabilistic networks Rule-based reasoning |
|
McCullagh P.J. et al. |
Brainstem auditory evoked potentials |
Neural networks |
|
Ankica B. et al. |
Chronic hepatitis C |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Gudrun Z. et al. |
Claucoma |
Fuzzy rules Neural networks |
|
Iaid B. et al. |
Clinical decision |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Gogou G. et al. (DBIRA) |
Diabetes |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Rainer S. et al. |
Kidney function |
Case-based reasoning |
|
Fatima T. et al. |
Hypertension |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Mann G. et al. |
Lupus erythematosus |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Emilia S. et al. (MetEnerg) |
Metabolic emergencies |
Rule-based reasoning |
|
Gogou G. et al. (AntibiolS) |
Antibiosis (Antibiotic prescription) |
Rule-based reasoning (DELPHI language) |
|
Simona A. et al. |
Alternative medicine |
Traditional chinese methods (CompAc) |
|
Park H.A. et al. |
Nursing scheduling |
Neural networks |
|
Park K.S. et al. |
Leukemia |
Case-based reasoning |
a Clinical use. |
|
Source: Medline database; Proceedings of the Medical Informatics Europe 96; Proceedings of the 3rd World Congress on Expert Systems; Proceedings of the 8th World Congress on Medical Informatics. |
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